Collagen is a type of protein that connects and supports fibers in body tissues such as skin, tendons, muscles, and bone. Glucosamine is an amino sugar necessary for the construction of articular cartilage. Glucosamine has been used as an aid to relieving joint pain, swelling, and stiffness caused by arthritis. Chondroitin is a sugar polymer also involved in the construction of articular cartilage. Chondroitin helps the body maintain fluid and flexibility in the joints. Chondroitin often has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating osteoarthritis pain. Other usages of chondroitin have included treating cataracts, bladder problems, heart disease, or osteoporosis. MSM is an antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties. MSM is commonly used for osteoarthritis, but may also benefit in the musculoskeletal pain relief, boosting the immune system; and fighting microbial infections. Vitamin C is important for bones and connective tissues, muscles, and blood vessels. Vitamin C also helps the body absorb iron, which is needed for red blood cell production. Hyaluronic acid is used to help with arthritis. It may also be used to help heal wounds, burns, or mouth sores. Manganese contributes to maintaining proper energy metabolism, maintaining healthy bones and proper formation of connective tissue. Thus, it supports the action of glucosamine, chondroitin and hyaluronic acid. Additionally, manganese helps to protect cells against oxidative stress, supporting the activity of MSM. Riboflavin contributes to the maintenance of the proper energy metabolism, including the essential role for the synthesis of the articular cartilage components.